Turkey has spanned across both Europe and Asia. A huge number of people live in Western Asia and the remaining part of the country lives in South Eastern Europe. This depicts that Turkey has a diverse culture and historical heritage that has a blend of both continents. Various historical events such as ancient civilizations and empires have shaped the country over time. Many ancient civilizations whose names are Hittites, Phrygians and Lycians had been living in Anatolia.The ancient Greeks lived on the Aegean coast at the western area of Turkey and brought temples such as Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, Temple of Athena at Priene and Temple of Apollo at Didyma. One of the earliest theaters which is still preserved is the Ephesus Theater. These ancient Greeks built it in the 3rd century BCE. In this article we will discuss 9 best places to visit in Turkey for tourists from other parts of the world.Moreover, travelers will get to know about the specialties of these places by reading the entire article.
List of 9 Best Places to Visit in Turkey
1. Istanbul
Istanbul is also known for the Blue Mosque and Topkapi Palace. Topkapi Palace has beautiful courtyards and gardens with beautiful designs. Inside the palace, there is a residence of Ottoman sultans and their families which is known as Imperial Harem. The luxurious rooms and private courtyards were constructed with jewelry and gemstones. Ottoman Empires conducted the important meetings and administrative affairs at Diwan, the Council Hall. Tourists are overwhelmed with the place which is known as Saray Mutfagi, which is the Turkish name of Palace Kitchen in the Topkapi Palace. Here chefs used to cook fancy meals for the family of the Ottoman Empires. Here are some beautiful places in Turkey:
Historical Buildings in Istanbul:
Istanbul is a captivating city of Turkey that has a blend of diverse cultures and amazing architecture. It is a marvelous building in Istanbul which showcases the blend of Byzantine and Architecture of Islamic calligraphy. The building was originally a Cathedral Church in the 6th century, then during the reign of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II, it was turned into a mosque and later it became a historical museum. Many architectural elements were changed over the centuries, but the central dome which is the main structural component is still present in its original state. Moreover, the side corridors of the building and main hall are the same as they were in the 6th century at the time when the building was a Christian Cathedral.
Today, tourists come to the Ephesus Theater and enjoy classical musical concerts, opera performances and Turkish traditional music.The genres of these performances held by Ephesus Theater widely cover the culture of the ancient city of Ephesus. The Hagia Sophia is a marvelous museum located in Istanbul, Turkey, which was once a mosque under the rule of the Ottoman Empire in 1453, now it is designated a historical museum from the 20th century.
The Hagia Sophia contains many decorative arts which were created with colored pieces of glass, stone and gold background. Calligraphers at that time demonstrated their engineered work by drawing the mosaic of Jesus Christ, Mary and saints from the Holy Bible. These sketches available in Hagia Sophia conveys spiritual messages to the tourists.
Inside the museum, there are beautiful inscriptions of verses from the Holy Quran, which depict Islamic art and architecture.
The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul:
The Grand Bazaar known as (Kapalıçarşı) is present in Istanbul, which covers an area of 30,700 square meters. It is one of the largest and most famous markets in the world. The Bazaar consists of 64 streets and contains 4000 stores, including mosque, post office, cafes, banks and police stations. You can assume it as a little central city.
As we all are familiar, traditional occupations such as craftsmanship, which depicts handmade items, are now at risk due to technological innovations. But the Grand Bazaar has always kept the traditions alive and has been passing the specialized skills through generations. In Istanbul, it is such a marketplace where traditional crafts are still practiced by the artisans. Handmade carpet weaving and pottery making are most common old traditions that can still be found here.
In Grand Bazaar, tourists are impressed with the elegant, intricate and decorative elements used in Islamic calligraphy by calligraphers. These arts reflect the artistry skills used in preparing decorative arts , which reflects the rich cultural heritage of Ottoman-style calligraphy.
These craftsmen perform cultural practices to ensure that ancient Turkish tradition is not forgotten.
Tourists usually imagine the Grand Bazaar as a separate world within Istanbul. People from all over the world visit to find not only glorious history but also antique dealers, jewelers, bag makers, leather shops and carpet sellers.
When entering from the Nuruosmaniye or Kürkçüler gate, you will find gold and brilliant designs jewelry shops. Many pieces of jewelry sold in the Grand Bazaar are handcrafted that reflect Turkish and Ottoman styles by artisans. Some designs of jewelry are scripted with “eye eye” charm (nazar boncuğu) according to the religious significance. The “eye eye” charm inscribed on the jewelry is believed to protect against the negative powers.
Breathtaking view of Bosphorus Strait in Istanbul, Turkey:
They find it attractive to experience the view of the Bosphorus Strait. They reach these vantage points with stunning views via bus. Many people take a leisure walk or a ride to reach popular spots like Ortaköy or Beşiktaş, where many cafes and waterfront promenades provide scenic views. It is recommended to you to consider a taxi for a more panoramic view. Once you reach Çamlıca Hill or the Pierre Loti Hill , they truly enjoy sprawling vistas of the Bosphorus and the sunset.Ortaköy and Beşiktaş are popular areas with beautiful views of the Bosphorus, they reach to these areas by walking or trams, ferries and taxis.
2. Cappadocia
Cappadocia is situated in central Turkey and attracts visitors or travelers from all over the world due to its rich history. Hittetes, Assyrians, Phrygians and Persians were some ancient civilizations that had been living in this region 1600 BCE to 1180 BCE. When tourists visit Cappadocia, they usually visit ancient ruins and archaeological sites that depict them with the rich history of the region.
Göreme Open-Air Museum in Cappadocia:
Tourists visit the museum to see rock-cut churches which date back to the Byzantine period. Visitors are very interested to explore churches built in caves that showcased scenes from the Holy Bible. This museum is considered to be the UNESCO World Heritage Site located in Cappadocia.
Derinkuyu Underground City in Cappadocia:
Tourists also visit the underground cities in Cappadocia via buses to explore Derinkuyu. Travelers are amazed to hear that the underground cities were built by the Christians to escape themselves from persecution by Romans. These underground cities have eight levels and allow ventilation and residences of those Chrisitans.
Kaymaklı Underground City in Cappadocia:
The significance of this underground city is it was built by Christians from soft volcanic rocks to protect themselves from Byzantine or Arab forces. In this way, the city provided them with safe refuge.
Ürgüp Rock Houses in Cappadocia:
When visitors travel to the town of Ürgüp, they see ancient rock-cut churches that were built from soft rocks. Travelers explore these old houses that reflect the traditional Cappadocian architecture. In this way, they also get insights into how people lived in the region over centuries.
Zelve Open-Air Museum in Cappadocia:
This museum provides the tourists with the insight how nuns and monks lived in those churches and their religious practices. Tourists also explore the dining areas which were once the places where those monks and nuns gathered together and shared meals together.
Uçhisar Castle in Cappadocia:
The castle was made from rocks and it has chambers and tunnels carved into the rock. Tourists in this way like to enter these tunnels and see the ancient architecture here and there in these chambers.
Fairy Chimneys in Cappadocia:
Cappadocia is a city located in central Turkey which is famous for its fairy chimneys and ancient churches made from stones. Million of years ago, during volcanic eruptions, ash, gas, and big rocks were also pushed out from the Earth. Wind and Water eroded the softer rocks around these harder rocks, leaving with tall and chimney like structures.People consider them magical, this is why they are called “fairy chimneys”.
Many tourists visit these fairy chimneys to see and explore the wonders of nature. Fairy chimneys in Cappadocia are attractions for tourists, and many of them book hotels made from these chimneys and appreciate nature.
Göreme National Park in Cappadocia: UNESCO World Heritage Site
The Göreme National Park in Cappadocia, Turkey is mentioned a World Heritage Site under UNESCO. There are fairy chimneys, beautiful valleys and canyons in this park.
Hot Air Balloon Rides: Scenic Views of Cappadocia
Hot air balloons are amazing rides to mention also. These hot air balloons are actually safer rides. They are named “hot air balloons” just to mention that they travel in air with height from earth i.e 3000 feet maximum. Tourists take tickets and travel with it. It is worth mentioning here that people travel with hot air balloons early in the morning. In this way, people get a bird’s eye view of places in Cappadocia and enjoy a scenic journey.
3. Antalya
Tourists travel a distance of 690 kilometers from Istanbul to Antalya by bus. People from all over the world come to Antalya which is located on the southwestern coast of Turkey.Antalya is attracted to the tourists due to its Mediterranean coastline. Crystal-clear waters and beautiful beaches are surrounded by mountainous landscape. Moreover, there is an ancient Hadrian’s Gate which depicts the historical heritage of Roman and Ottoman architecture during their reign. The charming old town of Kaleiçi has narrow streets. There are Ottoman houses which have been restored with vibrant courtyards that captivate the blend of history and their culture.
Antalya Old Town (Kaleiçi) in Antalya:
Tourists explore the narrow streets that give insight into ancient Ottoman houses. Every visitor never misses the Hadrian’ Gate and the Kesik Minare i.e Broken Minaret.
Antalya Archaeological Museum in Antalya:
In this museum, tourists explore the many statues that represent the oldest history of the region such as the statue of Greek god Apollo, who was a remarkable craftsman at that time. The marble statue of Hercules with a large club i.e his weapon and symbol of his strength carried by his shoulder. Tourists who are curious about sculpture also like to see the statue of the Greek goddess , whose name was Artemis and who was famous for hunting at that time. Popular Roman Empires at medieval time were Augustus, Hadrian and Marcus Aurelius, their statues reflect the influence of Roman influence in the region in the history of Antalya.
Termessos in Antalya:
It is an ancient city located in the Taurus Mountains that is well preserved and usually offers fascinating ruins.Some of the popular ruins that are well preserved are:
- Theater of Termessos
- Agora (Marketplace)
- Houses and Tombs
- Cisterns and Water Systems
- Heroon (Hero Shrine)
- Temple Complex
- Gymnasium
Although it must be noted that these ruins of Termessos do not specifically belong to a particular Roman emperor, these ruins dated back to various periods of Hellenistic and influence of Romans.
Aspendos in Antalya:
Tourists also visit this place which has a beautifully preserved Roman theater that still host theater performances. Aspendos is also famous for its beautifully preserved Roman theater. Moreover, the tourists are overwhelmed to see the ancient structures designed to transport water from a remote city or town known as “aqueducts” . They were purposefully designed to supply water for drinking, bathing, and irrigation at that ancient time.
Perge in Antalya:
Travelers like the specialty of this ancient small city that has impressive ruins, which includes a stadium, Roman baths, and a theater.
Düden Waterfalls:
This waterfall is just located outside the city which cascades off cliffs into the Mediterranean Sea. Tourists are offered beautiful photo opportunities and a peacefulness of nature.
Konyaaltı Beach in Antalya:
It is a popular beach that is located at the center of the city. The beach has a pebbly shore that also facilitates cafes and restaurants.
Olympos Coastal National Park:
The park is known for its natural beauty. It has beautiful beaches, and some ruins of Olympus, which was an ancient Lycian city.
Kaleiçi Marina:
Tourists spend their time on the harbor which is located within the Old Town. It has a queue of yachts, restaurants, and bars.
Saklıkent Gorge:
It is an amazing and dramatic canyon which has icy cold waters fall down that cool off in the months of summers. The water fall is usually surrounded by stunning natural scenery.
4. Pamukkale
Many people from all over the world travel to southwestern Turkey, near the city of Denizli which is known as Pamukkale. Tourists find it attractive to see beautiful white terraces that are made from natural hot spring water flowing down the hillside. Visitors are also amazed to see the ancient ruins of Hierapolis, which are well preserved old structures, especially the grand theater and ancient baths. Here are some wonderful places to visit in Pamukkale.
Travertine Terraces in Pamukkale:
Tourists enjoy seeing the striking travertine terraces and they leisurely walk with bare feet on these terraces.
Hierapolis:
Hierapolis has a long history and is an ancient city that is located adjacent to Pamukkale. It is preserved by UNESCO World Heritage site. The well preserved theater is worth seeing, the monumental gate,ancient cemetery and ancient tombs are also present in the city.
Hierapolis Archaeology Museum:
This museum houses artifacts discovered in the Hierapolis archaeological site, providing insight into the history and daily life of the ancient city.
Cleopatra’s Pool (Antique Pool):
Tourists get an insight of this pool that is located within the Hierapolis archaeological site. This pool contains warm mineral water and people believe it has healing properties. Cleopatra had been the last ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, he swam there. That is why the pool is named after him.
Theater of Hierapolis in Pamukkale:
Tourists explore this ancient theater which was built in the 2nd century AD. The theater still conducts concerts and performances that are enjoyable for tourists.
Laodicea:
Another nearby ancient city, Laodicea offers a glimpse into Roman urban planning and architecture. It’s known for its well-preserved stadium and the Church of Laodicea.
Hot Air Balloon Rides:
Pamukkale offers all the tourists to enjoy the hot air balloon rides that provide them with bird’s-eye view of these beautiful travertine terraces during sunrise or sunset.
Cotton Castle:
This is also one of the beautiful travertine terraces due to its white cotton like appearance, when it is viewed from far away by the tourists.
Pamukkale Natural Park:
Tourists visit the protected area that is surrounded by the travertine terraces and Hierapolis. The national parks also offer them opportunities for hiking and picnicking. Moreover, they enjoy the natural beauty of the region.
Karayolları Müzesi:
It is an ancient small museum that is located near Pamukkale. The museum showcases the tourists with the history of the local roads and transportation networks in ancient times.
5. Ankara
Ankara, which is known as the capital of Turkey, has a rich history. The city serves as the political and administrative center of the country’s affairs. Atatürk Mausoleum is a significant landmark which has founded modern Turkey. You can also find the ancient Roman Temple of Augustus. The inscriptions are well preserved which showcases the historical period of the Roman Era. Here are the details of the top places that tourist may visit in Ankara:
Anıtkabir (Mausoleum of Atatürk) in Ankara:
Tourists from all over the world come to Ankara to see the final resting place of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who was the founder of modern Turkey. It’s a historical site that is featured with Turkish architecture and museums.
Museum of Anatolian Civilizations:
The museum is located near Ankara Castle. Tourists are showcased with the artifacts from various Anatolian thousand of years living civilizations.
Ankara Castle (Hisar):
Tourists get panoramic views of the city. The castle “Hisar” was built around 7th century and provides insight into the historical roots of Ankara to the travelers from all over the world.
Atakule:
A prominent landmark in Ankara, Atakule is a 125-meter high tower with a revolving restaurant and observation deck, offering stunning views of the city.
Ethnography Museum of Ankara:
The museum displays Turkish culture through traditional garments of Ottoman sultans, their tools, and artifacts.
Kocatepe Mosque:
This is considered to be one of the largest mosques in Turkey. Kocatepe Mosque has impressive architecture and a serene atmosphere. These attributes of the mosque reflect it as a notable religious site in Ankara for Muslim tourists.
Roman Baths of Ankara (Çağdaş Sanatlar Merkezi):
These Roman baths are still well preserved and the baths date back to the 3rd century AD. Tourists achieve a glimpse of ancient Romans lifestyle and architecture at times.
Hacı Bayram Mosque and Temple of Augustus:
The Hacı Bayram Mosque and temple of Augustus are situated adjacent to each other giving insight of Islamic and Roman heritage.
Atatürk Forest Farm and Zoo (Atatürk Orman Çiftliği):
Tourists who are interested in visiting the botanical garden must visit this farm as it contains various species of trees such as pine, oak, chestnut, and plain trees in Turkey. Animals live in this zoo based in Ankara,Turkey, such as anatolian wild sheep, anatolian leopard, and syrian brown bear.
6. Izmir
Tourists love to see the vibrant waterfront promenade which is known as Kordon. This offers them a chance to view lively cafes in a relaxed atmosphere. They can also find a gateway to ancient ruins especially Ephesus and Pergamon. People like to visit the Temple of Artemis, which is known as the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World by getting a chance to travel to the city. Moreover, the Library of Celsus is well preserved. Here are some of the best places that visitors must explore in Izmir:
Konak Square and Clock Tower:
Tourists are amazed to see the iconic clock tower is a symbol of Izmir. Moreover, the square is lively with shops, cafes, and a bustling atmosphere for tourists and other people.
Kordon:
People spend their leisure time on the waterfront promenade which is located along the Aegean especially during sunset. It also contains cafes, restaurants, and parks.
Alsancak:
This neighborhood is highly appreciated for its nightlife, shopping, and dining options by the tourists.
Kemeraltı Market:
Travelers like to visit one of the oldest markets in Izmir which is known as Kemeralti Market. The market also offers a maze of narrow streets and is best known for its shops that usually sells everything from spices and textiles to antiques.
Izmir Archaeology Museum:
This museum has preserved amazing artifacts from ancient Izmir, which include statues and pottery of ancient times.
Agora Open Air Museum:
Tourists get insight into the ruins of the ancient agora (marketplace) of Smyrna, which is located in the heart of Izmir. It’s a fascinating site for such travelers who are history enthusiasts.
İnciraltı Sea Museum:
There are no words to praise this museum because it is a unique museum which is located in an old submarine. Visitors must see this museum that reflects the marine history of people.
7. Bursa
Bursa is located at the north-west of Turkey which is a special city to visit for tourists because it has the historical site of the Green Mosque and some old Ottoman Buildings. The most appreciable fact is there are thermal baths, where visitors get the opportunity to relax in warm and healing water.
Uludağ Mountain:
Tourists spend their leisure time in this resort usually in winter. It is a great spot for outdoor activities like hiking and picnicking in summer. Many enthusiasts also book for the rides in the cable car up to the mountain and offer themselves stunning views.
Bursa Grand Mosque (Ulu Camii):
It is a grand mosque that was built in the early Ottoman period. Tourists are overwhelmed to see the masterpiece of Islamic architecture with impressive calligraphy and a serene atmosphere of that ancient time.
Green Mosque (Yeşil Camii) and Green Tomb (Yeşil Türbe):
Tourists appreciate the intricate tile work and beautiful gardens, which are iconic symbols of Bursa.
Koza Han:
The Koza Han is historically significant as it once served as a silk market. Today, many people visit this place and purchase silk products that incultates the heritage of Bursa.
Tophane:
Tourists are facilitated with panoramic views of the city and is a lovely spot for them to relax, especially during sunset.
Bursa Archaeological Museum:
This museum preserves artifacts from various periods of Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman artifacts.
Irgandı Bridge:
It was the bridge that was built during the era of Ottomans that passes over the Gökdere River. Tourists leisurely stroll on this bridge and it is usually open for them.
Cumalıkızık:
Tourists have praised this Ottoman village which is situated near Bursa. The village is known for its well-preserved architecture, cobblestone streets, and local crafts for the tourists to gain insight into the rich history of Ottoman’s village.
Atatürk Museum:
Atatürk Museum is famous due to the reason that Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey stayed in the house , when he visited Bursa. The museum is located in that particular house.
8. Gallipoli
Tourists visit the old town by traveling to the European part of Turkey. This old town whose name is “Gelibolu” is located exactly on the southern coast of the peninsula. Here are top best places that visitors should visit when they reach Gallipoli, Turkey:
Centro Storico
Tourists explore the narrow streets that reflect maze-like pathways. Inside these narrow streets, travelers observe the ancient churches and historical sites that are well preserved. People enter the castles and see the thick walls here and there. These thick walls were made of stones and bricks at that time.Romans ordered the architectures to build these castles for their defense against enemies during Gallipoli Campaign of World War I.The architects designed these walls so that the Romans could withstand the attacks from the invaders. Along the walls, tourists explore the towers which are positioned for the defenders to observe and protect the surroundings. Tourists are also amazed to see the murder holes through which defenders dropped the arrows and attacked the invaders.
Spiaggia della Purità:
The town of Gallipoli has many beaches, one of them is located in the heart of the old town.The water that truely resembles crystals provide a popular spot for tourists and local people there.
Basilica Cattedrale di Sant’Agata:
This beautiful church was built in the 17th century by Baroque architects. The church is much appreciated by the tourists for its impressive artwork and great craftsmanship skills.
Riviera di Ponente:
Riviera di Ponente has sandy beaches and crystal clear waters, and it is located at the western side of the coastline of Gallipoli. Travelers usually come to these beaches for relaxation, swimming. Moreover, they also enjoy the sunshine of the Mediterranean.
Gallipoli Fish Market:
It is one of the popular seafood markets that is situated near the harbor. The market is a bustling spot and visitors usually experience seafood culture there. In this market, fishermen have brought fresh fishes from the sea and people then buy from them.
Gallipoli Port:
In this port, tourists book the boats for tours around the Gallipoli peninsula and travel to the nearby islands.
Gallipoli Greek Fountain:
Tourists are overwhelmed to explore the Carrara marble that was used during the construction of this fountain. The Carrara marble is a type of marble that has fine grains and its color is pure white. The fountain gives insight to the skills of craftsmanship during the 17th century.
Gallipoli Frantoio Ipogeo:
There is an underground olive oil mill which is a fascinating attraction for tourists to learn about the ancient practices of the methods of producing olive oil. This olive oil mill provides them with a glimpse on the agricultural history of the old town Gallipoli.
9. Bodrum, Muğla
Bodrum, Muğla is the destination for wealthy tourists that can afford luxury lifestyles. But people should praise that there are other affordable vacation options for their middle class families.The city has lively beach clubs that people are attracted towards, which are popular with their groups of friends. Tourists may begin their day with a typical Turkish breakfast, which includes olives, feta cheese , eggs , jam and Turkish bread (simit). People look for food vendors at the beaches that sell corn or mussels stuffed with rice, which are recommended snacks. In the evening, many tourists love to go to the Yalikavak marina for dinner and there they enjoy ice cream from the famous Bitez Dondurmacisi. Here are the best places to visit in Bodrum, Turkey:
Bodrum Amphitheatre:
Many tourists come to see this well preserved amphitheater which offers them a glimpse into the rich history of Bodrum around the 4th century BC.
Mausoleum at Halicarnassus:
Tourists come to see the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World in Bodrum, Turkey. They visit the ancient tomb of the ruler Mausolus of Caria.
Bodrum Marina:
Tourists book the luxury yachts, waterfront restaurants and cafes in this marina. This marina also provides them with the insight of sea views in leisure time.
Yahşi Beach:
It’s a perfect spot considered by the tourists for sunbathing, swimming, and water sports in summers.
Bodrum Windmills:
These windmills are situated on a hill, which offers panoramic views of the Bodrum town and the coastline. People come to these windmills and capture memorable photos.
Bodrum Market (Cumhuriyet Street Market):
Local peasants and tourists from other parts of the world visit this lively place and purchase spices for food and handmade crafts.
Bitez Beach:
Bitez Beach based in Bodrum provides a friendly atmosphere to the families and is considered a popular spot for tourists and locals. People are also found here doing windsurfing and sailing.Tourists participate in windsurfing by riding sailboats over the lakes with the help of wind power to spend their leisure time.
Conclusion
Turkey is a country where people come to visit from other parts of the world to a wide variety of attractions such as beaches, mountains, historical sites, museums and art galleries.The country typically reflects its rich cultural heritage and natural beauty.Turkey represent well preserved remains of ancient civilizations such as archeological sites, ancient churches, chambers, theaters and mosques.The country offers breathtaking landscapes of the city Cappadocia to the vibrant city life in Istanbul. This highlights the country’s deep historical roots and artistic achievements. Whether tourists explore ancient ruins, relax on Mediterranean beaches, or experience bustling markets, They are offered with an unforgettable journey through its past and present.
